Azelaic acid is commonly used in the treatment of acne, melanoma, rosacea and cutaneous hyperpigmentation disorders. Azelaic acid has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and anti-keratinization effects, and has a significant efficacy on acne. Its anti-inflammatory effect is through inhibition of nuclear transcription factors, thereby reducing the inflammatory cascade of different cytokines. Its antibacterial activity reduces the growth of bacteria such as P. acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis in the follicle. Its keratolytic activity returns to normal the disordered growth of the skin cells lining the follicle. It is also a scavenger of free radicals and reduces inflammation.
